Depression: Nederhof E: Nederhof E., Bouma E.M.C., Oldehinkel A.J., Ormel J. (2010) Interaction between childhood adversity, brain derived neurotrophic factor val/met and serotonin transporter promotor polymorphism on depression: The TRAILS study. Biol Psychiatry. Jul 15;68(2):209-12.

Background: The three-way interaction between the functional polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene linked promotor region (5-HTTLPR), the val66met polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene, and childhood adversity in the prediction of depression in children, reported by Kaufman and colleagues in 2006, has only been confirmed in adult samples. This study examines the gene-by-gene-by-environment interaction in an adolescent sample.
Methods: In a longitudinal population-based study depression scores were assessed with the Youth Self Report at ages 11, 13.5 and 16. Pre- and perinatal adversities and childhood events were assessed in a parent interview at age 11. Long term difficulties until age 11 were assessed with a parent questionnaire at age 13.5. Blood or buccal cells were collected for genotyping at age 16. The study included 1096 complete data sets.
Results: Depression score over the three measurements was not significantly predicted by any interaction between genotypes and childhood adversities.
Conclusions: We were not able to confirm the three-way interaction in a representative, population based sample of adolescents. The large sample resulted in adequate power, in combination with the reliability of our measures, this gives confidence in our findings.

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